This is a hardbound botanical field journal titled "Coville Oregon Journal 1898," with a note on the title page stating "[Pencil collection numbers added by H. St. John Apr. 1975.]"

The journal records field observations, plant lists, and travel notes from a botanical expedition through Oregon and Washington in the summer of 1898, likely by Frederick Vernon Coville. The entries cover the following locations and dates:

Woodland, Oregon, July 15, 1898 — Plants about camp, including: Acer macrophyllum, Thuja plicata, Fraxinus oregana, Abies grandis, Populus trichocarpa, Corylus californica, Acer circinatum, Osmaronia cerasiformis, Rubus vitifolius, Rubus spectabilis, Symphoricarpos, Ribes atripes, Rosa macrocarpa, Cornus nuttallii, Crataegus rivularis, Rosa gymnocarpa, Berberis aquifolium, Amelanchier alnifolia, Spiraea douglasii, Rubus leucodermis, Pyrus rivularis, Sambucus glauca, Philadelphus lewisii, Rhamnus purshiana, Salix (nuttallii) scouleriana, Lonicera ciliosa. Collection No. 701.

July 15, 1898 — Camp at northeast corner of Lake Merrill — In the water: Ranunculus reptans in flower, Batrachium, Polygonum amphibium in flower sparingly, Eleocharis palustris. Around the lake: Populus trichocarpa (fallen fruit hairy), Alnus oregana, Salix (populoides) lasiandra, (discoloroides) piperi No. 751, longifolioides No. 752, (velvetinus) sitchensis, Cornus sanguinea, Spiraea douglasii in flower. Forest vegetation: Tsuga heterophylla, Pseudotsuga mucronata, Thuja plicata (mostly near the lake), Acer macrophyllum, Cornus nuttallii, Acer circinatum, Vaccinium parvifolium sparingly, Berberis nervosa, Rosa gymnocarpa with young fruit, Dryopteris munita?, Oxalis in fruit. Achlya triphylla, leaf texture of Jeffersonia, young fruit. Tiarella in flower. Viola orbiculata? Clintonia uniflora past flowering. Geranium. Disporum past flowering. Vagnera simplex past flowering. Coptis in fruit. Trillium in fruit. Pyrola. Rubus vitifolius. Bottom at north end of lake, additional to above: Linnaea borealis, Lycopodium, Sorbus sambucifolia, Cornus canadensis past flowering, Abies amabilis, Pedicularis [word crossed out] beginning to flower, Vancouveria in fruit, Chimaphila umbellata in flower, Taxus brevifolia, Rhamnus purshiana, Adiantum pedatum, Streptopus amplexifolius? with young fruit, Osmaronia cerasiformis. Adenocaulon, Aruncus aruncus past flowering, Alnus oregana, Amelanchier alnifolia along a stream. Hydrophyllum, Phegopteris, Dryopteris, Actaea. Anemone trifolia past flowering, pedata past flowering. Trientalis past flowering. Vagnera paniculata with young fruit. Lomaria. Corallorhiza in flower. Rubus spectabilis along a stream in fruit. Saxifraga? alsissima in flower. Rubus parviflorus in fruit. Hypopithys in flower. Lilium columbianum in flower. Pachystima. Gaultheria shallon. .. ovatifolia. Lupinus. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi. Penstemon decumbens. Listera. Pinus monticola.

At an elevation probably not 100 feet above the lake, came upon a gently sloping soil of volcanic drift, the principal tree of which was Pinus murrayana, with a small admixture of Pinus monticola, Pseudotsuga mucronata, Tsuga heterophylla (the principal shrub), Arctostaphylos uva-ursi with considerable, Vaccinium parvifolium, Chimaphila umbellata and in spots Gaultheria shallon. Saw here for the first time Vaccinium membranaceum. Doubtless Alnus sinuata (stragglers from above). Antennaria margaritacea, Hieracium albiflorum, Rumex acetosella, Epilobium angustifolium, Pyrola secunda. Crossing of the Kalama. Menziesia. Along the Kalama: Allotropa.

July 18, 1898 — Mount St. Helens — Lupinus minimus, Penstemon, Abies lasiocarpa. Base of Goat Mountain: Abies nobilis, Xerophyllum tenax, Castilleja miniata. Slope of Mount St. Helens on exposed lava: Holodiscus, Cryptogramma acrostichoides, Phlox, Juniperus nana. Along a rivulet in Abies lasiocarpa and P. murrayana: Sambucus bischoffii nearly past flowering, Viola glabella past flowering, Aquilegia formosa in flower, Artemisia, Epilobium in bud, Veronica serpyllifolia, Mimulus lewisii? mushy in bud, Veratrum viride. Besides things collected. On dry ground: Calochortus subalpinus collected 765, Polygonum newberryi 766, Juncoides campestris, Juncus parryi.

July 19, 1898 — Mount St. Helens — Plants of the lava drift at timber line: Encephalus collected, Eriogonum pyrolaefolium, Lupinus lyallii Gray collected yesterday 769, Polygonum, Phlox diffusa ssp. longistylis 767, Juncus parryi, Agoseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Gray collected yesterday 810, Peucedanum angustatum (C.&R.) St. John 756, Castilleja cinspula Piper Type 768, Spraguea, Luetke pectinata, Penstemon serrulatus new species, menziesii-like collected yesterday 774, Achillea millefolium, Poa collected, Carex, Elymus?, Trisetum? spicatum (L.) Richt. collected 796, Grass. On rocky and somewhat moist slopes: Lupinus, Xerophyllum, Vaccinium membranaceum, Erysimum capitatum (Dougl.) Greene collected yesterday 777. Pachystima myrsinites, Pteris aquilina lanuginosa, Acer circinatum, Vagnera paniculata, Viola glabella, Chimaphila menziesii under Abies nobilis, Pedicularis racemosa.

Further notes on Mount St. Helens lava vegetation, including observations about Phyllodoce empetriformis going highest up as shrub, and Sorbus occidentalis; above timber-line vegetation dominated by Eriogonum pyrolaefolium and Juncus parryi; Saxifraga tolmiei abundant in rocky nooks; notes about the flora being very sparse due to youth of the mountain geologically speaking, resulting in: 1. Aridity of the soil, 2. Instability of the soil and rocks due to rapid erosion, 3. Sterility of the soil, 4. Perhaps inability of the mountain to stock itself with alpine plants during the glacial period.

Encephalus, Eriogonum pyrolaefolium, Fragaria, Luetke pectinata, Bryanthus empetriformis, Hieracium gracile. Near the lower camp: Corallorhiza, Ribes bracteosum. Of these the plant withstanding the greatest degree of aridity is Eriogonum pyrolaefolium.

July 20, 1898 — Mount St. Helens, Skamania Co., Wash. — Made a trip up the mountain southeastward from Three Buttes camp. Plants in general same as yesterday. Saw highest: Eriogonum pyrolaefolium, Spraguea umbellata, Juncus parryi, Saxifraga tolmiei also seen high up. Achillea millefolium seen above timber line. Abies nobilis seen at timber line. Visited a crag or butte about two or three miles southeast from camp, jutting out from the mountain near its base. The northeast slope is covered with a vegetation chiefly of Phyllodoce empetriformis, and it may therefore be called "Heather Butte." On slopes having reached a considerable degree of stability and fed by a sufficient amount of snow water to keep the ground moist all summer, Luetke pectinata and Phyllodoce empetriformis take an early hold, and the latter especially forms humus rapidly. These are apt to be followed by Xerophyllum tenax, Vaccinium membranaceum, Sorbus occidentalis, and other shrubs if the elevation is not too high for them. A Lupinus not seen before was collected on open spots of the heather here. On the way back to camp, at the base of the lava flows: Abies amabilis, Clintonia uniflora, Erythronium sometimes 3½ inches from tip to tip of extended petals. Abies lasiocarpa 8 ft. 3/4 in. circumference, about 70 feet high and top broken off at 6 inches.

July 21, 1898 — (date partially unclear) — Notes about characteristic lava drift vegetation at timber-line, the shrub going highest being Phyllodoce empetriformis, the next Sorbus occidentalis. Above timber-line, the following seen in addition: Vaccinium membranaceum, Agoseris aurantiacum not seen going up, Antennaria alpina, Castilleja, Encephalus, unknown grass collected today, Elymus, Cryptogramma, Luetke pectinata, Peucedanum martindalei. Trees growing at timber line: Abies lasiocarpa and (Pinus murrayana, while Pinus monticola and Abies nobilis are so close as almost to reach timber line — was A. procera Rehd. — no specimen).

July 27, 1898 — Salem, Oregon — Arrived from Portland last night. Saw Mr. Minto. This morning saw Mr. Minto and drove to Judge Wallis at Macleay. In the afternoon drove back, saw Captain Ormsby and Mr. Davenport. Between Macleay and Salem saw the following trees and shrubs: Quercus garryana, Pseudotsuga mucronata, Acer macrophyllum (planted?), Salix nuttallii, Corylus californica, Rosa pisocarpa, Rosa macrocarpa, Spiraea douglasii, Holodiscus discolor, Crataegus rivularis-douglasii, Fraxinus oregana, Pyrus rivularis, Ceanothus sanguineus only a little, Rubus laciniococcus, .. vitifolius, Acer circinatum, Amelanchier alnifolia. Rhamnus purshiana. In Judge Waldo's huckleberry patch, collected Vaccinium. At Salem stopped at the Salem Hotel. Left at night for Eugene.

July 28, 1898 — Eugene, Oregon — Arrived late last night. Up to 3 P.M. engaged in buying a saddle horse and a packhorse. The trees and shrubs seen in the vicinity of Eugene: Pseudotsuga mucronata commonest tree west, Pinus ponderosa abundant in places, Abies grandis, Quercus garryana most abundant tree, Acer macrophyllum, Fraxinus oregana, Populus trichocarpa along streams, Crataegus douglasii=rivularis, Salix populifolia along streams large tree, Osmaronia cerasiformis, Spiraea douglasii, Rhus diversiloba abundant, Prunus mollis, Acer circinatum, Philadelphus lewisii, Rosa pisocarpa abundant along roadsides, .. macrocarpa, Sambucus glauca, Berberis aquifolium, Rubus laciniococcus. Rubus vitifolius probably, Holodiscus ariaefolius, Ceanothus sanguineus, Salix nuttallii, Corylus californica very common, Ribes sanguineum, Rosa gymnocarpa, Rhamnus purshiana, Amelanchier alnifolia, Ribes atrifes, Cornus sanguineus?, Salix velutinus, .. discoloroides?, probably S. nuttallii variety, Symphoricarpos, Pyrus rivularis, Ceanothus cuneatus.

July 29, 1898 — Lowell P.O. (Highlands), Oregon — Probably not 100 feet above Eugene. Set out for the mountains this morning. Stopped at Highlands, twenty miles. Saw additional to trees and shrubs of yesterday: Opulaster, Alnus oblongifolia, Prunus demissa, Libocedrus decurrens, Arbutus menziesii at and near the cemetery at Pleasant Hill, Cytisus scoparius escaped from the cemetery. At the Frent sawmills, four miles below the Highlands: Ribes lobbii. At the crossing of the Willamette, about a mile below Mr. Highlands: Thuja plicata, Cornus nuttallii, Taxus brevifolia, Alnus oregana, Castanopsis chrysophylla 4m. x 12 ft., Gaultheria shallon. South slope of hills at Mr. Highlands partly bare, with scattered oaks and Douglas spruce, north slope densely wooded with conifers principally Douglas spruce. The sleet brakes occur on old burns where the area has been again seeded to timber, mostly red fir, very closely. The trees may be 100 or even 200 feet high after 15 or 20 years. Areas of many acres, being very close, very slender, and very tall, after becoming weighted with snow and sleet in winter, begin to lean and finally with additional snow the whole mass goes down gradually. Make no loud noise. Common all about. Only on slopes, and always fall downhill; trees all killed.

Osmaronia cerasiformis, Rhus diversiloba 30 to 50 ft. high on Pseudotsuga, Acer circinatum, Philadelphus lewisii, Rosa macrocarpa, .. gymnocarpa, Berberis aquifolium, Rubus laciniococcus, .. vitifolius, Holodiscus ariaefolius, Ceanothus sanguineus, .. integerrimus, Vaccinium parvifolium, Rubus parviflorus, .. sempervirens escaped from cultivation, Robinia pseudacacia one tree by the roadside, Tsuga heterophylla occasional, Ceanothus velutinus, Corylus californica the most abundant underbush, Ribes sanguineum, Amelanchier alnifolia, Ribes atrifes, Salix velutinus, Symphoricarpos, Opulaster.

July 30, 1898 — Hazeldell, Lane Co., Oregon — Elevation probably not over 1500 feet. Left Mr. Hylands in the morning and stopped for lunch at Blakely's (now occupied by Mr. Wilhelms), 12 miles. In the afternoon went on to Hazeldell post-office, 14 miles further. Found the two Applegates there awaiting me. In the forenoon saw the following trees and shrubs: Pseudotsuga mucronata, Thuja plicata, Pinus ponderosa very little, Libocedrus decurrens, Acer macrophyllum, Taxus brevifolia, Fraxinus oregana, Quercus garryana, Arbutus menziesii 12 to 14 in. diam. 30 to 40 ft. high not uncommon, Salix populifolia along the river only, Populus trichocarpa in the bottoms, Rhamnus purshiana, Crataegus rivularis, Abies grandis, Prunus mollis, Castanopsis chrysophylla, Alnus oregana, .. oblongifolia, Cornus nuttallii, Salix nuttallii, Sambucus glauca. Cytisus scoparius escaped, Ribes lobbii, Gaultheria shallon abundant, Lonicera rosea, .. hispida.

July 31, 1898 — Hazeldell, Lane Co., Oregon — Stayed in camp in the morning. Went down to Mr. McClanes in the afternoon.

August 1, 1898 — High Prairie camp — Went from Hazeldell up to Kitson Spring in the forenoon, 6 miles and return. In the afternoon broke camp and started for Grasshopper Mountain, camping at the east end of High Prairie, 8 miles. Elevation of High Prairie about 2500 feet.

August 2, 1898 — Brook Meadow / Lowell Camp — Went from High Prairie over into the North Fork (of the middle fork of the Willamette) valley and camped at Lowell Camp, foot of Grasshopper Mountain. Varied in elevation from about 2500 feet at High Prairie to 3000 feet at the divide, and 2500 feet at Lowell Camp. Traveled about 15 miles.

August 3, 1898 — Brook Meadow / Lowell Camp — Went up Grasshopper Mountain and return, about 8 miles. First treeless ridge 3500 ft., lower edge of the bald 4500 feet, summit of the bald 5500 ft.

August 4, 1898 — Brook Meadow / Lowell Camp (by horse) — Traveled about 8 miles up the North Fork bottom and return, reaching an elevation of about 2800 feet. I myself stayed all night at a deer lick.

August 5, 1898 — Grasshopper Mountain — Came up from camp to the mountain this morning, about 3 miles. Made a trip on foot over the crest to the north slope.

August 6, 1898 — Camp two miles west of Quinn Meadows — Came over from Grasshopper Mountain today, about 12 miles. Gap between Grasshopper Mountain [feet] and Chookenny Mountain [feet]. Bear Claw Swamp 3800 feet. Quinn Meadows 4800 feet.

August 7, 1898 — Quinn Meadows — Moved over to this place and stayed near camp all day, botanizing and writing up notes.

August 8, 1898 — Brook Meadow — Reached this place from Quinn Meadows today, about 17 miles.

August 9, 1898 — High Prairie — Reached this place from Brook Meadow today, about 15 miles.

August 10, 1898 — Lowell (Hylands) — Reached this place from High Prairie today, about 30 miles.

August 11, 1898 — Springfield — Reached this place from Lowell today, about 15 miles, and camped at Mr. Bratton's farm, about half a mile east of the city.

August 12, 1898 — Springfield — Spent the day purchasing horses.

August 13, 1898 — Springfield — Spent the day completing preparations for our start.

August 14, 1898 — Anderson Station, Ore. — Left Springfield at 2 P.M. and came to this point, 16 miles.

August 15, 1898 — Wyckoff Station — Reached this point from Anderson Station today, 20 miles.

August 16, 1898 — Foley Springs — Came from Wyckoff Station today, about 20 miles.

August 17, 1898 — Foley Springs, Ore. — Ascended the mountain back of Foley Springs, following the ridge east of the trail on the way up, the trail coming down. Foley Springs 1600 feet. Change from Douglas spruce to black hemlock 4000 to 4800 feet. Summit of mountain (Horse Pasture) 5300 ft.

August 18, 1898 — Lost River Station (Wads-round), Ore. — Came up from Foley Springs in the afternoon, about 14 miles. Met Mr. A.S. Powers of McKenzie Bridge. Lost River Station about 2500 ft.

August 19, 1898 — Cold Spring, Crook Co., Ore. — Reached here from Lost River Station today, 27 miles. Black hemlocks 4000/4500; shoulder of summit 4700; summit 5000. Cold Spring 3400.

Notes on Eriogonum pyrolaefolium dead specimens with roots exposed, showing unusual surface erosion. At least 1000 feet above the last trees on an open southwest slope, vegetation of the lower (pumice) lava drift slopes consisting of only Eriogonum pyrolaefolium, Juncus parryi, Spraguea umbellata. Found first Collomia debilis collected, and Saxifraga tolmiei collected. 809. Plants growing next highest: Juncoides parviflorum. Next are: Lupinus minimus, Polygonum, Agrostis, Hieracium gracile, Fragaria, Poa. Carex spectabilis Dewey collected today 823. Carex alpina. Penstemon menziesii-like.

August 20, 1898 — Graham's ranch — Went from Cold Spring to Sisters P.O., and then up to Graham's, about 11 miles.

August 21, 1898 — Fish Lake — Came over from Graham's to Fish Lake, 24 miles, lunching at Big Lake. Graham's 3400 feet. Pinus murrayana coming in at 3800, black hemlock and blue fir at 4200. Summit about 4800. Beginning of solid Pseudotsuga on west slope 4000. Yellow pine occasional at 3700. Fish Lake 3400.

August 22, 1898 — Hensley Meadows — In the morning went to Clear Lake 2½ miles and return. In the afternoon went from Fish Lake to this point, accompanied by Mr. E. Henness, Gates, Ore. Distance in afternoon 12 miles. At 3800 feet passed through a dry area covered by Pinus murrayana, but at the same elevation struck into the magnificent heavy forest again. Elevation of Hensley Meadows 3700.

In Clear Lake trees measured respectively 35 feet, the top ending 6 ft. below the surface; and 34 feet, the top ending 1½ ft. below the surface. Stumps on the sand beach measured 18 inches, with 130 annual rings; and 27½ inches, with 243 rings. No erect stumps above surface. Besides plants collected and noted in sheets, Spirogyra formed bright green mats in smaller or larger areas on the bottom.

August 23, 1898 — Ann Lake — Came through the woods without trail from Hensley Meadows and struck the Minto Trail on the south margin of the lake. Distance about 12 miles. Most of the journey through lodgepole pine mixed with black hemlock and silver pine. Elevation of Ann Lake 4100 feet.

August 24, 1898 — Point on Metolias Trail, about ½ mile west of summit — In the forenoon started out eastward on the Minto Trail and just before reaching Marion Lake took the left hand trail. Up to 5500 ft., Pinus murrayana with Tsuga mertensiana, Pinus monticola, Abies lasiocarpa, and A. amabilis, with occasional A. nobilis and Pinus albicaulis. Above on sheltered west slopes where snow was evidently heavy, P. murrayana disappeared, and Tsuga mertensiana became more abundant. At our nooning-place, 5800 ft., the forest consisted of black hemlock with considerable Abies amabilis, with an underbrush of Vaccinium cisthitoides, Cassiope, Phyllodoce empetriformis, Sorbus parvifolia, Vaccinium membranaceum, and a great abundance of Luetke. In the afternoon looked over the country to the north along the Cascade divide as far as Hunts Cove and return, on foot. About 6 miles by horse.

The Metolias Trail, an old trail, originally an Indian trail, connecting the Indian settlements on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation with the Minto Trail at a point near the west end of Marion Lake. It is now partly blazed, and is considerably used by sheepmen and others. The trail crosses the Cascade divide about five miles south of Mount Jefferson, at an elevation of about 6000 feet.

August 25, 1898 — Hunts Cove, Marion County, Ore. — Came over to this point, about 4 miles, today, and camped at the uppermost meadow watered by springs. Examined the lateral divides to the westward, overlooking Bingham Basin and Grizzly Basin, Minto Mountain lying between. The timber on all these divides is badly burned, probably three-fourths being gone.

August 26, 1898 — Hunts Cove — Made the ascent of Mount Jefferson today. Elevation of camp 5300 ft. The timber up the lower slopes of Mount Jefferson consists chiefly of Tsuga mertensiana, with some Abies amabilis, and an occasional Abies lasiocarpa. At 7000 feet Tsuga mertensiana ceased, the remaining trees being Pinus albicaulis and Abies lasiocarpa. Plants above this point: Juniperus nana, Lupinus, Polygonum newberryi?, Peucedanum martindalei, Luetke pectinata. Above timberline occurred those marked with a check (list incomplete). Above 9000 feet occurred: Hulcea nana, Saxifraga tolmiei, Oxyria digyna. Summit of the mountain below the cap rock, which was not climbed: 10,200 feet.

Eriogonum pyrolaefolium, Sitanion sitanion, Phyllodoce empetriformis, .. glanduliflora, Antennaria, Poa, Juncoides glabatum, Vaccinium scoparium, Penstemon davidsonii, Carex unispicata, Carex breweri, Saxifraga tolmiei, Hulcea, Oxyria digyna, Trisetum, Cardamine pachyphylla, Eriogonum small shrubby yellow, Juncus parryi, Aster (procumbens), Vaccinium (cisthitoides), Juncoides parviflorum, Spraguea umbellata, Hieracium gracile, Juncus subtrflorus. Timberline was at 6100 feet, the trees consisting of Pinus albicaulis.

Herder in Hunts Cove, D.M. Shafer, Sisters, Ore.

August 26, 1898 — (continued notes) — Kent Lumber Manufacturing Company. Handle mostly "fir" (Douglas spruce), some "red cedar" (Thuja plicata), "white cedar" (Libocedrus decurrens), oak, maple, ash; no yellow pine, dogwood, nor alder. Mill capacity 20,000 per day; yearly cut about 2,060,000 ft. board measure. First cause of fires is carelessness of campers, including travelers and hunters. From "slashing brush" in making clearings. "Sleet breaks" of the "fir" trees. Sometimes burned for clearings. Make "awfulest" fires. Trees 200 ft. high, many acres go down. Lumbering operations. Brush accidentally fired after timber is cut. Fires chiefly on south sides of hills. Indians fired the foot-hills up to the year [illegible]. The fires burned chiefly the south slopes and kept the timber back. Now coming in thick, mostly "red fir," a little white fir, some a hundred feet high.

Elmer I. Applegate. Fred L. Applegate.

In the afternoon saw those checked, with following additional: Arctostaphylos one at Hazeldell covered bridge, Rhododendron californicum, Ribes menziesii, Ceanothus cuneatus one shrub seen, Spiraea douglasii, Salix discoloroides as at Lake Merill. Pinus ponderosa was found only in the vicinity of Hazeldell, with great quantities of Quercus garryana, on and about the bald south slopes. Pachystima myrsinites was probably seen in one place.

August 26, 1898 — Detroit, Oregon — Came down to this place from Hunts Cove today, passing Pernelia Lake at 4100 feet and striking the Minto Trail at about 2500 ft.

August 27, 1898 — Near Gates, Ore. — Came down from Detroit today, and camped at Mr. Henness, about a mile from Gates. Expect to start for Portland by rail tomorrow.

September 5, 1898 — Hood River — Came up from Portland by rail today, arriving about eleven o'clock. In the afternoon took a short tramp near town with the Hon. E.L. Smith. Along the river bottoms are: Populus trichocarpa, Crataegus douglasii, Salix populifolia, Pseudotsuga mucronata, Salix fluviatilis, Fraxinus oregana. On the slopes, which are partly open, are: Quercus garryana, Pinus ponderosa, Salix nuttallii, Rhus diversiloba, Kunzia tridentata, Amelanchier alnifolia, Philadelphus lewisii, Symphoricarpos, Corylus californica, Rosa, Berberis aquifolium, Holodiscus ariaefolius, Rubus vitifolius, Prunus mollis as well as Crataegus douglasii.

Above the black hemlock and blue fir timber on Mount Hood found the following: Pinus albicaulis, Sorbus occidentalis a.t.=above timberline, Juniperus nana, .. subtiflorus, Peucedanum martindalei, .. mertensianus, Encephalus, Mimulus lewisii, Polemonium, Solidago, Polygonum davisiae, Lupinus lyallii a.t., Eriogonum umbellatum a.t., Arnagia, Senecio triangularis, Aster procumbens, Chrysothamnus bloomeri, Silene g.t., Phlox douglasii, Carex unispicata g.t., Trisetum subspicatum, Festuca a.t., Carex breweri, Saxifraga tolmiei a.t., Achillea millefolium a.t., Lonicera involucrata, Spraguea umbellata a.t., In the upper edge of Pinus albicaulis on the southwest slope were: Juncus parryi, Poa, Calochortus nana, Antennaria alpina, Agrostis, Carex oreana. Phacelia a.t., Penstemon davidsonii a.t., Sitanion a.t.

September 6, 1898 — Cloud Cap Inn, Oregon — Came up from Hood River today with Miss Florence Merriam and Mr. A.J. Johnson. Country badly burned, one fire now burning east of the East Fork. At about 4000 feet Douglas fir forest changed to Pinus murrayana, besides with a mixture, varying in abundance, of Abies concolor, Abies amabilis, Tsuga mertensiana, and other trees mentioned in notes. At about 5500 forest changed to a growth of principally black hemlock, and at about 6500? to a growth princip